History of Ping Pong
Ping pong was introduced to the
United States when Parker Brothers bought the trademarked name from English
manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd. after 1901. The name 'Ping Pong' was used
to describe the English game of table tennis when it was played with
high-end
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Today,
however, the sport is officially recognized as table tennis; only those who play
at the hobby-level use the term 'ping pong.' The sport of table tennis is
governed by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).
Ping Pong
Table and Balls
Ping pong is played on a table that measures 9' long x 5'
wide x 30' high. A net measuring 6 inches high divides the table into two halves
and extends over each edge of the table by 6 inches. Two or four players use
paddles to hit a ball back and forth to each other, also known as a 'rally.'
The balls used for official tournaments now measure 40mm in diameter,
are made of celluloid and weigh 2.7 grams. 38mm balls were once the standard,
but that changed after the 2000 Olympics. 40mm balls are slower and spin less.
It has been suggested that the move to the larger ball was due
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matches for television. 40mm balls show up better onscreen, and the slower balls
encourage a longer rally, which keeps the viewer interested in the game
play.
The highest quality ping pong balls have a three-star rating, which
represents consistency in relation to their bounce and roundness. A quality 40mm
ball, when dropped from a height of 30cm (roughly 12')
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Ping Pong
Paddles
The sport of table tennis uses paddles to hit the ball. In Europe
they are called bats, and the ITTF refers to them as rackets. Although there are
no official rules governing a paddle's size, shape or weight, it must be flat,
rigid and covered in an approved rubber. The thickness of the rubber and
adhesive must not exceed 2mm, and the paddle must be colored black on one side
and red on the other.
The rubber's surface may be 'pimpled' (pimples
facing out) or 'sandwiched' (pimples facing inward)
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than 10 per square centimeter or more than 30 per square centimeter.
Most of the paddle (85%) must be made of natural wood. However, the
paddle can be reinforced with a layer of carbon fiber, glass fiber or compressed
paper as long as that layer is between the blade and the rubber surface. Some
newer paddles may even be reinforced with aluminum or titanium.
With
different rubbers on a paddle, the types and speed of spins can be changed
during game play. Often a player will use a paddle that will produce great spin
on the ball on one side, and the other side will create little to no spin.
Typically, the forehand side of a paddle is the attacking
side
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of spin. It is common to find sandwiched rubber on the attacking side because
the inward-facing pimples, coupled with a smooth striking surface, allows the
ball to sink more into the paddle, thus creating a larger area of contact and
more spin.
The backhand side of the paddle is the defensive side, and the
rubber used here should nullify the ball's spin coming from an opponent's hit.
Pimpled rubber, with longer outward-facing 'pips'
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strokes or chops.
Ping pong is a fast game. Skilled players with good
equipment can serve a ball 70 mph. Table tennis officially became part of the
Summer Olympics in 1988, and since then the game has seen some interesting
technological advances, especially for training purposes.
Robots for
Ping Pong Practice
Table tennis robots are available for the serious
player. Typically ranging from $600-$5,000 in price, a robot can shoot balls
over the net with various degrees of spin and at different frequencies. Some
table tennis robots attach directly to the table; while others are freestanding.
Balls can be delivered in a 'line drive' or with a 'looping topspin.' The robot
can shoot table tennis balls at varying intervals
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sessions.
Although a table tennis robot can readily improve one's game,
it is no substitute for live play against an opponent. For this reason, it is
important to seek out local ping pong clubs. Most universities host clubs or
have their own teams. USA Table Tennis, the national governing body for the
Olympic sport of table tennis in the United States, provides a directory of its
officially affiliated clubs nationwide (wwwatt.org).
By Kimathi Kamau
NAIROBI, Sept. 14 (Xinhua) -- One of the millions around the world who tuned
in for the Floyd Mayweather versus Colin McGregor Aug. 26 boxing super fight was
Olympic champion and Kenyan marathon running super star Eliud Kipchoge.
The two-time London and 2015 Berlin winner was inspired by the display of the
unbeaten American who retired at 50-0 with a 10th round victory over Mixed
Martial Arts star McGregor that he is out to be the 'Mayweather of marathon'.
On Sep. 24 James
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compatriot and former record holder, Wilson Kipsang and Ethiopian great,
Kenenisa Bekele in Berlin in his bid to attack the 2:02:57 official standard
over the ultimate distance set at the same race by another Kenyan, Dennis
Kimetto.
Speaking to journalists in Nairobi on Thursday, Kipchoge underlined his
resolve to own the world record having run the fastest ever marathon earlier
this year, at the Nike Breaking2 run in the controlled setting of pacing and
drafting on a Formula One racecourse in Monza Taylor
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World body, the IAAF rules of eligibility meant the time is not recognised as
a world record and having come close to breaking Kimetto's mark in 2015,
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